For a hot headache (e.g. from heat-stroke) cut slices of potato (finger-thick), put them on the forehead and tie a bandage or cloth around to bend and hold them. When they are hot through, change for new ones. If you don't have potatoes, you can use ice in a towel, but it hurts.

For a pulsing headache (e.g. from indigestion, stress or hangover) take espresso with no sugar but a few drops of lemon. My zia Adele is allergic to many drugs and chemicals, so since she was really young she has been using two bowls of water - one hot and one cold. You put both hands together in one for a while, and then in the other, swapping ten times.